Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Why Plant Begonias in the Ground?
- Choosing the Best Begonias for Your Garden Beds
- Right Plant, Right Place: Site Selection
- Timing: When to Plant Begonias Outside
- Preparing the Soil for Ground Planting
- How to Plant Begonias: Step-by-Step
- Watering: The "Deep, Then Dry" Method
- Ongoing Care and Maintenance
- Design Tips for Ground-Planted Begonias
- Managing Common Challenges
- The End of the Season: What Happens in Winter?
- Conclusion
- FAQ
Introduction
If you have a shady corner of your yard that needs a splash of color, begonias are the perfect solution. While many gardeners enjoy these plants in hanging baskets or patio pots, you can absolutely plant begonias in the ground to create stunning garden beds and borders. If you're ordering plants, our shipping information explains how timing works by zone. At Longfield Gardens, we love how these versatile plants transform a dim area into a vibrant focal point that lasts from early summer right through the first frost.
This guide is designed for home gardeners who want to move beyond containers and incorporate begonias directly into their landscape. We will cover the best varieties for ground planting, how to prepare your soil, and the simple steps to ensure your plants thrive all season long. Whether you are a beginner or a seasoned gardener, you will find that planting begonias in the ground is an achievable and rewarding way to enhance your outdoor space.
By matching the right variety to your specific garden conditions, you can enjoy a lush, flowering carpet of color with very little effort. If you also garden in pots, see our summer-blooming bulbs for containers.
Why Plant Begonias in the Ground?
Planting begonias directly into your garden beds offers several advantages over container gardening. In the ground, plant roots have more room to spread out and access nutrients and moisture. This often results in larger, more resilient plants that can better withstand a hot afternoon or a skipped watering session.
Begonias are also exceptional "bedding plants." This means they can be used to fill large areas with consistent color. Unlike many perennials that bloom for only two or three weeks, begonias are tireless workers. Once they start flowering, they do not stop until the cold weather arrives. Using them in the ground allows you to design long-lasting borders, colorful edges along walkways, or mass plantings that brighten up the space beneath large shade trees. For larger displays, browse our spring-planted flower bulk buys.
Because begonias come in various heights and habits—from the low-growing wax begonias to the large-flowered tuberous types—they offer incredible design flexibility. You can use them to create layers of texture and color that make your garden feel professionally designed.
Choosing the Best Begonias for Your Garden Beds
Before you start digging, it is important to know which type of begonia you are planting. While there are thousands of species, most home gardeners choose from three main groups for ground planting. Each has slightly different needs and visual appeal.
Tuberous Begonias
These are the showstoppers. Growing from a firm, potato-like tuber, these plants produce large, rose-like blooms in shades of red, pink, white, yellow, and orange. We often recommend these for gardeners who want high-impact color. Within this group, you will find upright varieties, which are best for the ground, and cascading varieties, which are better suited for walls or raised beds where they can drape over the side.
Wax Begonias (Fiberous Begonias)
Wax begonias are the classic bedding plant. They have smaller flowers but produce them in great abundance. They are easily identified by their waxy, succulent-like leaves which can be green or a deep bronze. These are very hardy and can often handle more sun than their tuberous cousins. They are perfect for creating uniform rows or filling in gaps at the front of a border.
Hardy Begonias (Begonia grandis)
If you are looking for a plant that returns year after year in cooler climates, Begonia grandis is the choice for you. While most begonias are treated as annuals in the United States (except in the warmest zones), this variety is winter-hardy in USDA zones 6 through 9. It features lovely heart-shaped leaves and dainty pink or white flowers that appear in late summer.
Key Takeaway: Match the begonia type to your design goal. Use wax begonias for low, consistent borders and tuberous begonias for large, dramatic focal points in the mid-border.
Right Plant, Right Place: Site Selection
The secret to success with begonias is matching the plant’s needs to the environment of your yard. Begonias are famous for their love of shade, but "shade" can mean many things. For other shade-loving choices, explore our spring-planted bulbs for shade.
Understanding Light Requirements
Most begonias prefer filtered light or dappled shade. Imagine the light under a tall tree where the sun peeks through the leaves—that is the "sweet spot."
- Deep Shade: In very dark areas, begonias may grow leggy and produce fewer flowers.
- Partial Shade: This is ideal. Four to six hours of morning sun followed by afternoon shade keeps the foliage cool and encourages heavy blooming.
- Full Sun: Only specific varieties, like certain bronze-leaf wax begonias, can handle the intense heat of full afternoon sun. In most cases, direct midday sun will scorch the leaves and cause the flowers to wilt.
Assessing Drainage
Begonias have fleshy stems and roots that store water. Because of this, they are sensitive to "wet feet." They need soil that is well-drained, which simply means the water leaves the soil quickly after a rain or watering. If you have heavy clay soil that stays soggy for days, your begonias may struggle.
To test your drainage, dig a small hole and fill it with water. If the water is still there an hour later, you may want to plant your begonias in a raised bed or amend the soil with compost to improve the structure.
Timing: When to Plant Begonias Outside
Timing is everything when it comes to tropical plants like begonias. They are very sensitive to cold temperatures and will not grow if the soil is chilly.
The 50°F Rule
Wait to plant your begonias until the danger of frost has completely passed and the nighttime temperatures stay consistently above 50°F. In many northern regions, this might not happen until late May or early June. For planting by climate, use the Hardiness Zone Map.
Soil Temperature Matters
While air temperature is important, soil temperature is the quiet winner. Begonias thrive when the soil has warmed up to about 60°F. If you have a soil thermometer, use it to check. If not, a good rule of thumb is that if it is comfortable enough for you to wear a t-shirt outside in the evening, it is likely warm enough for your begonias.
What to do next:
- Check your local "average last frost date" online.
- Monitor evening temperatures for a week to ensure they stay above 50°F.
- If a surprise late frost is predicted after planting, cover your begonias with a light cloth or bucket overnight.
Preparing the Soil for Ground Planting
You don't need a degree in soil science to get great results. Begonias simply want "rich" soil, which means soil that is full of organic matter.
Adding Organic Matter
Before planting, spread a two-inch layer of compost or well-rotted leaf mold over the area. Use a garden fork or shovel to mix it into the top six to eight inches of soil. This does two things: it provides a slow-release source of nutrients and it helps the soil hold just the right amount of moisture while allowing the excess to drain away.
Fertilizing at Planting Time
Begonias are "heavy feeders," meaning they use a lot of energy to produce those constant blooms. When preparing the ground, you can mix in a balanced, slow-release granular fertilizer according to the package directions. This gives the plants a steady supply of food as they establish their roots in their new home.
How to Plant Begonias: Step-by-Step
Whether you are starting with tubers you purchased or young plants from a nursery, the process is straightforward. If you want a deeper overview, read All About Begonias.
Planting Begonia Tubers
If you are planting tubers directly into the ground:
- Find the "Up" side: Look for the side with a slight hollow or depression. This is the top. The rounded side is the bottom where the roots will grow.
- Dig a shallow hole: Tuberous begonias do not like to be buried deep. Place the tuber in the hole so it is covered by only about one inch of soil.
- Angle it slightly: If you live in a very rainy climate, you can tilt the tuber slightly so water doesn't sit in the center hollow, which helps prevent rot.
- Space them out: Give upright tuberous begonias about 10 to 12 inches of space between each plant to allow for air circulation.
Planting Nursery Starts or Potted Begonias
If you are transplanting a plant that is already growing:
- Dig a hole: Make it twice as wide as the current pot but no deeper.
- Be gentle: Begonia stems are brittle and snap easily. Turn the pot sideways and gently slide the plant out rather than pulling it by the stem.
- Level it: Set the plant in the hole so the top of the root ball is level with the surrounding soil surface.
- Fill and firm: Fill in the gaps with soil and press down very gently with your hands. Do not stomp on the soil, as begonias like it airy and light.
Spacing for Success
- Wax Begonias: Space these 6 to 8 inches apart for a solid "carpet" effect.
- Tuberous Begonias: Space 12 inches apart to allow their large leaves to spread.
- Hardy Begonias: Give these 15 to 18 inches, as they will grow larger over several years.
Watering: The "Deep, Then Dry" Method
Watering is the area where most gardeners make things more complicated than they need to be. The goal is to keep the soil moist, like a wrung-out sponge, but never saturated.
How to Water
Instead of a light sprinkle every day, give your begonias a deep soak once or twice a week (depending on the weather). This encourages the roots to grow deeper into the ground, making the plant more self-sufficient. After watering, let the top inch of soil dry out before you water again.
Avoid the Leaves
Whenever possible, water the ground at the base of the plant rather than spraying the foliage from above. Keeping the leaves dry helps prevent common issues like powdery mildew, a white dusty fungus that can appear in humid conditions. Morning is the best time to water, as it allows any accidental moisture on the leaves to evaporate in the sun.
Ongoing Care and Maintenance
Once your begonias are established in the ground, they are relatively low-maintenance. However, a little attention will keep them looking spectacular until autumn.
Feeding for Maximum Blooms
Since begonias bloom continuously, they need regular snacks. Every two to three weeks, apply a water-soluble fertilizer formulated for flowering plants. Follow the instructions on the label for the correct dilution. This ensures the plant has the phosphorus it needs to keep pumping out new flower buds.
Deadheading: Is it Necessary?
"Deadheading" is the practice of removing faded flowers.
- Wax Begonias: These are largely self-cleaning, meaning the old flowers fall off on their own.
- Tuberous Begonias: You will get a tidier look if you snip off the old, wilted blooms. This also prevents the spent flowers from resting on the leaves, which can sometimes cause spots or rot in very damp weather.
Mulching
Applying a thin layer (about one inch) of bark mulch or shredded leaves around your begonias is a great "easy win." Mulch keeps the roots cool, holds in moisture so you don't have to water as often, and prevents weeds from competing with your flowers. Just be sure to keep the mulch a few inches away from the actual stems of the plants to avoid moisture buildup against the stalks.
Key Takeaway: Consistent feeding and smart watering are more effective than any "garden hack." Keep it simple: feed every two weeks and water when the soil surface feels dry.
Design Tips for Ground-Planted Begonias
Begonias offer a color palette that most shade plants simply can't match. For coordinated combinations, browse spring-planted bulb collections.
Create Contrast
If you have a lot of green hostas or ferns, use bright red or orange tuberous begonias to create a "pop" of color. The contrast between the broad, architectural leaves of a hosta and the delicate, rose-like flowers of a begonia is classic and sophisticated.
Use Bronze Foliage
Bronze-leaf wax begonias are a designer’s secret weapon. Their dark, moody foliage looks incredible against a bright green lawn or silver-leafed plants like Japanese Painted Ferns. The dark leaves also make the pink or white flowers stand out even more.
Mass Plantings
For a high-impact look, plant a single variety and color of begonia in a large group. A "river" of white begonias flowing through a shady garden bed looks luminous in the twilight and can make a small garden feel much larger and more cohesive. For color-matched options, shop spring-planted bulbs by color.
Managing Common Challenges
While gardening should be a rewarding activity, you might encounter a few minor hurdles. The best approach is to focus on the correct care first.
Troubleshooting Growth
If your begonias aren't blooming well, they likely need one of two things: more light or more food.
- If the plant is very leafy but has no flowers: It might be in too much shade. Try thinning out some overhanging tree branches to let in more light.
- If the plant looks pale and stunted: It is likely hungry. Start a regular liquid fertilizer routine and you should see improvement in about two weeks.
Dealing with Heat
During a record-breaking heatwave, begonias may look a bit tired. Don't panic and overwater them; this is a common mistake that can lead to root issues. Instead, ensure they have a good layer of mulch and wait for the temperatures to drop. Begonias are remarkably resilient and will bounce back once the weather cools down.
Protecting from Wildlife
In some areas, deer or rabbits might take an interest in your garden. While begonias aren't their favorite snack, hungry animals will try almost anything. If you have high wildlife pressure, a simple mesh fence or a scent-based repellent applied to the perimeter of the bed can help keep your display intact.
The End of the Season: What Happens in Winter?
Because begonias are tropical, they will not survive a freezing winter in most of the U.S. (unless you are in zones 8-11). You have two choices when the first frost is predicted.
The Easy Approach
Treat them as annuals. Once the frost blackens the foliage, simply pull the plants up and add them to your compost pile. This allows you to start fresh with new colors and varieties next spring.
Saving the Tubers
If you have grown tuberous begonias and have a variety you particularly love, you can save the tubers for next year.
- Dig them up: After the first light frost, carefully dig up the tubers.
- Dry them: Cut the stems back to about an inch and let the tubers dry in a cool, dark, frost-free place for a week.
- Store: Shake off the excess soil and store them in a box of peat moss or sawdust in a basement or closet where the temperature stays around 40-50°F.
Conclusion
Can you plant begonias in the ground? Most definitely. These versatile plants are one of the most effective ways to bring reliable, season-long color to the shady parts of your landscape. By choosing a well-drained spot with dappled light and waiting for the warm spring weather, you set yourself up for a beautiful garden with very little effort. We at Longfield Gardens believe that every yard has room for the spectacular blooms and lush foliage that only begonias can provide.
- Select the right variety for your light levels.
- Wait for the soil to reach 60°F before planting.
- Improve drainage with compost.
- Feed regularly for non-stop flowers.
"Gardening is a journey of discovery, and begonias are the perfect companions for those shady spots where other flowers might struggle. With just a few basics, you can create a stunning display that evolves all summer long."
We invite you to explore the many colors and forms available and start planning your most beautiful shade garden yet.
FAQ
How deep should I plant begonia tubers in the ground?
Begonia tubers should be planted quite shallowly. Dig a hole so that when the tuber is placed inside, it is covered by only about one inch of soil. If you plant them too deep, the sprouts may struggle to reach the surface, or the tuber may stay too wet and rot.
Do begonias in the ground need full sun or shade?
Most begonias thrive in partial shade or filtered sunlight. They love the morning sun but need protection from the harsh, direct heat of the afternoon. While wax begonias with bronze leaves can tolerate more sun, tuberous begonias will usually scorch if left in the midday sun for too long. For more shade-tolerant choices, browse flowers for shade.
How often should I water begonias planted in garden beds?
You should water your begonias whenever the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. In the ground, this usually means a deep soaking once or twice a week. During very hot or windy weather, you may need to check them more often, but always ensure the soil isn't staying soggy.
Will begonias come back every year if I plant them in the ground?
In most parts of the United States, begonias are treated as annuals and will not survive the winter outdoors. However, Begonia grandis is a hardy variety that can survive in zones 6-9. For other types, you can dig up the tubers in the fall and store them indoors to replant the following spring.