Introduction
Imagine walking into a corner of your yard that used to be a dim, quiet space and finding it overflowing with brilliant shades of crimson, sunset orange, and soft petal pink. Begonias are the secret to making this vision a reality. These versatile plants are beloved for their ability to thrive where many other flowers struggle, bringing high-impact color and lush, tropical-looking foliage to the shaded reaches of your garden.
At Longfield Gardens, we want to help you turn those shaded garden beds into a vibrant retreat. Planting begonias in the ground is an easy way to achieve a professional-looking landscape with minimal fuss. Whether you are a seasoned gardener or just starting your first flower bed, these plants provide a rewarding experience with their long blooming season and reliable performance.
In this guide, we will focus specifically on how to plant begonias in the ground, covering everything from selecting the right site to the final tucking-in of the tubers. You will learn the simple steps for soil preparation, the correct way to orient your plants, and how to keep them blooming until the first frost. For more begonia basics, see our How to Plant and Care for Begonias guide. By following a few basic principles, you can enjoy a season full of spectacular color.
Choosing the Best Spot for In-Ground Begonias
The most important step in planting begonias is finding the right location. In the gardening world, we often say "right plant, right place," and for begonias, this means matching their need for soft light and excellent drainage with the conditions in your yard.
Most begonias are famous for their love of shade. In the ground, they perform best in areas that receive "dappled" sunlight—the kind of light that filters through the leaves of a tall tree. They also love spots that get gentle morning sun followed by shade during the heat of the afternoon. If you are still deciding where begonias belong in your landscape, our Can You Plant a Begonia in the Ground? article is a helpful next step. If you place them in a spot with harsh, direct midday sun, their leaves may scorch or turn a pale, stressed yellow.
Drainage is the next critical factor. "Drainage" is just a way of describing how quickly water moves away from the plant’s roots. Begonias have fleshy stems and tubers that store water, which makes them very sensitive to "wet feet." If the soil stays soggy for too long, the plant may struggle.
To test your soil’s drainage, observe the area after a heavy rain. If puddles remain for several hours, that spot might be too wet for begonias. However, you can often fix this by planting in a raised bed or by mixing in organic matter to help fluff up the soil.
Key Takeaway: Seek out a location with filtered light and soil that doesn't stay soggy after it rains.
Understanding Begonia Types for Garden Beds
When you are looking to plant directly in the garden, you will likely choose between two main types: wax begonias and tuberous begonias. Both are wonderful, but they have slightly different habits.
Wax begonias are the "workhorses" of the garden bed. They are typically smaller, growing in neat, mounded clumps. They are very popular for creating colorful borders or "ribbons" of color along a walkway. One of their best traits is their resilience; they can often handle a bit more sun than their tuberous cousins.
Tuberous begonias are the showstoppers. These grow from a potato-like bulb (the tuber) and produce much larger, often ruffled flowers that look like roses or camellias. For a look at bold, upright forms, browse our Non Stop Begonias collection. Varieties like the "Double Flowered" or the dramatic "Switzerland" begonia—which features dark foliage and bright red blooms—are perfect for the ground. While some tuberous begonias are "pendula" or trailing types best for baskets, the upright varieties are spectacular when massed together in a flower bed.
We have found that mixing different varieties can create a rich texture in the garden. For example, planting a taller tuberous variety behind a low-growing wax begonia creates a beautiful layered effect.
When to Move Begonias Into the Garden
Timing is everything when it comes to tropical plants like begonias. Because they are native to warm climates, they have no natural defense against frost. If you plant them too early, a late-spring cold snap can set them back or damage the tender new growth.
The best rule of thumb is to wait until the danger of frost has completely passed and the soil has warmed up. In most regions, this means waiting until nighttime temperatures are consistently above 50°F (10°C). If you want a quick reference for your area, check the Hardiness Zone Map. If the ground still feels cold to the touch, it is worth waiting another week. Begonias grow much faster in warm soil than they do in cold, damp earth.
If you live in a northern climate with a short growing season, you can give your begonias a "head start" by planting the tubers in small pots indoors about 6 to 8 weeks before the last frost. This way, when the weather finally warms up, you are transplanting a sturdy little plant with several leaves already showing. If you choose this route, remember to "harden off" your plants by placing them outside in a sheltered spot for a few hours each day before moving them permanently into the ground.
How to Prepare Your Soil for Success
Before you dig your first hole, take a few minutes to prepare the soil. Good soil preparation is the foundation of a healthy garden. Begonias prefer soil that is rich in organic matter and "loamy," meaning it feels crumbly and light rather than hard and packed like a brick.
If your garden soil is heavy clay, it can be difficult for the delicate roots of a begonia to spread. You can improve this by mixing in a few inches of compost or well-rotted leaf mold. This organic material does two things: it provides a slow-release source of nutrients and it creates air pockets in the soil, which helps with that all-important drainage.
If you have very sandy soil, the water might move through too quickly, leaving the plants thirsty. Adding compost helps sandy soil hold onto just enough moisture to keep the begonias happy without making them soggy.
What to do next:
- Clear away any weeds or old garden debris from the planting area.
- Spread a 2-to-3-inch layer of compost over the surface.
- Use a garden fork or spade to turn the compost into the top 6 inches of soil.
- Rake the area smooth so it is ready for planting.
Step-by-Step Guide: How to Plant Begonias in Ground
Planting begonias in the ground is a simple process once your soil is ready. Whether you are planting a dormant tuber or a plant you started indoors, the goal is to get it settled into its new home with as little stress as possible.
Planting Dormant Tubers
If you are planting the tubers directly into the garden bed, start by looking closely at the tuber. You will notice that one side is slightly indented or cupped, like a small bowl. This is the top. The rounded side is the bottom.
- Dig a shallow hole: The hole should be just deep enough so that the top of the tuber will be covered by about an inch of soil.
- Place the tuber: Set the tuber into the hole with the "bowl" side facing up. If you see tiny pink or white buds starting to sprout, be very careful not to snap them off.
- Cover and firm: Gently pull the soil over the tuber. You don't need to pack it down hard; a light press with your hand is enough to remove large air pockets.
- Water lightly: Give the area a gentle drink of water to settle the soil. Avoid soaking the ground completely until you see green sprouts appearing.
Planting Started Begonias
If you are transplanting begonias that already have leaves and stems, the process is slightly different.
- Dig a hole: Make the hole twice as wide as the current root ball but no deeper.
- Remove from the pot: Gently squeeze the sides of the pot to loosen the plant. Slide it out, keeping as much soil around the roots as possible.
- Set the depth: Place the plant in the hole so that the top of the root ball is level with the surrounding garden soil. Planting too deep can cause the stems to rot.
- Fill and water: Fill the space around the roots with soil and water immediately to help the plant settle.
Key Takeaway: Always plant the hollow side of the tuber facing up and ensure the top is only an inch below the soil surface.
Spacing and Depth: Getting the Foundation Right
Proper spacing is one of those quiet winners in the garden. It might be tempting to plant your begonias very close together to get an instant "full" look, but giving them enough room to breathe is much better for their long-term health.
Begonias need good air circulation to prevent issues like powdery mildew, a common fungus that can make leaves look like they’ve been dusted with flour. When plants are too crowded, air can’t move between them, and moisture gets trapped on the leaves.
For most tuberous begonias, a spacing of 8 to 12 inches apart is ideal. This gives them enough room to reach their full width without overlapping too much. Wax begonias, which are usually smaller, can be planted slightly closer together—about 6 to 8 inches apart—to create a dense border.
Regarding depth, the "one-inch rule" is your best guide for tubers. Planting them too deep can delay sprouting because the shoots have to work harder to reach the light. Planting them too shallow can leave the tuber exposed to the drying effects of the wind or accidental bumps from a garden hoe.
Watering Correctly, Not Constantly
Watering is the part of begonia care where many gardeners get a little nervous, but it is simpler than you might think. The goal is to keep the soil "consistently moist," which feels like a wrung-out sponge.
In the ground, begonias are more resilient than they are in pots because the surrounding earth stays cool and holds moisture longer. However, they still need regular attention, especially during the hot days of July and August. If you want more detail on timing and placement, the Where to Plant Begonias: Sun or Shade? guide is a useful companion.
Instead of giving them a light sprinkle every day, try "deep watering." This means applying water slowly so it soaks deep into the ground. This encourages the roots to grow downward where the soil stays cooler and wetter. You can check the moisture by sticking your finger an inch into the soil. If it feels dry, it’s time to water. If it feels damp, wait a day or two.
Try to water at the base of the plant rather than over the top of the leaves. Wet leaves, especially in the evening, can encourage disease. Morning is the best time to water, as it allows any accidental splashes on the foliage to dry off during the day.
Watering Tips:
- Check soil moisture every few days.
- Water the soil, not the leaves.
- Add a light layer of mulch (like finely shredded bark) around the plants to help keep the moisture in and the weeds out.
Fertilizing for a Long Season of Bloom
Because begonias bloom continuously from early summer right until the first frost, they are "heavy feeders." This means they use up a lot of nutrients to keep producing those beautiful flowers.
When you first plant them in the ground, you can mix a balanced, slow-release fertilizer into the soil. This acts like a "multivitamin," providing a steady stream of food over several weeks.
Once the plants are established and blooming, you can supplement this with a water-soluble fertilizer every two to three weeks. Look for a fertilizer that is balanced (like a 10-10-10) or one that is slightly higher in phosphorus, which is the middle number on the label. Phosphorus is the nutrient that specifically encourages flower production.
Remember, more is not always better. Always follow the instructions on the fertilizer package. If the weather is extremely hot and the plants are drooping from heat stress, skip the fertilizer until they have had a good drink of water and the temperature cools down. Applying fertilizer to a thirsty plant can sometimes stress the roots.
Aftercare: Deadheading and Maintenance
One of the best things about begonias is that they are relatively low-maintenance, but a little "grooming" goes a long way.
"Deadheading" is the process of removing flowers that have finished blooming. While many modern begonias are "self-cleaning" (meaning the old flowers fall off on their own), taking a moment to pinch off any faded blooms or yellowing leaves keeps the plant looking tidy. It also prevents the plant from putting energy into producing seeds, redirecting that energy back into making more flowers.
As the season progresses, some taller varieties of tuberous begonias might become top-heavy with their large blooms. If you notice a plant starting to lean, you can use a small bamboo stake and a soft tie to give it a little extra support. Just be careful not to poke the stake directly into the tuber underground.
If you encounter a few holes in the leaves, it might be from slugs or snails, who also enjoy the cool, damp environment begonias love. A bit of copper tape or a pet-safe slug bait can help protect your plants. At Longfield Gardens, we have found that keeping the garden bed free of fallen debris and leaves helps reduce the hiding spots for these garden visitors. For shipping timing and weather-based scheduling, see our Shipping Information page.
Handling the End of the Season
As the days grow shorter and the air turns crisp, your begonias will naturally start to slow down. They are very sensitive to the first frost, which will turn the foliage black.
If you live in a warm climate (Zones 9-11), your begonias may survive in the ground year-round. They will go dormant in the winter and sprout again when the weather warms up.
For most of the United States (Zones 3-8), begonias are treated as annuals, or you can "lift" the tubers to save them for next year. To do this, wait until the foliage has been nipped by the first light frost. Dig up the tubers carefully, cut off the stems about an inch above the tuber, and let them dry in a cool, indoor spot for a few days. Once dry, store them in a box of peat moss or sawdust in a cool, dark place like a basement (aiming for 40-50°F). Next spring, you can start the process all over again.
Realistic Expectations for Your Garden
Gardening is a partnership with nature, and results can vary depending on your specific conditions. A begonia planted in the deep shade of a redwood tree in California will behave differently than one planted in a shaded corner of a humid garden in Georgia.
Weather plays a huge role. If you have a particularly cool, rainy summer, your begonias might grow a bit more slowly. If it is a record-breaking heatwave, they might take a "break" from blooming for a week or two until the temperature drops. This is completely normal.
Begonias are also generally deer-resistant. While no plant is 100% "deer-proof" if a herd is hungry enough, deer usually find the thick, sappy stems of begonias unappealing. This makes them an excellent choice for gardens where deer are frequent visitors.
By keeping your expectations flexible and observing how your plants react to your local microclimate, you will become a more confident and successful gardener.
Conclusion
Planting begonias in the ground is one of the most rewarding ways to bring life and light to the shaded areas of your yard. By choosing a well-drained spot with filtered light and waiting for the soil to warm up, you are setting the stage for a spectacular display. Remember to plant your tubers hollow-side up, give them room to breathe, and provide consistent moisture without overwatering.
We are proud to provide high-quality tubers and plants at Longfield Gardens to help you achieve these beautiful results. If you are comparing begonia types for another season, our Begonia Upright Double Superba Mix is a colorful bulk option. With a little bit of preparation and the simple steps we’ve covered, you can enjoy lush foliage and brilliant blooms all summer long.
- Choose your spot: Look for dappled shade and good drainage.
- Wait for warmth: Plant only when nighttime temperatures stay above 50°F.
- Plant with care: Put the hollow side up and cover with an inch of soil.
- Maintain simply: Water the soil, feed regularly, and pinch off old blooms.
The joy of gardening comes from watching a simple tuber transform into a masterpiece of color. Take it one step at a time, and your garden will thank you.
Ready to start your shade garden? Visit us at Longfield Gardens to find the perfect begonia varieties for your home.
FAQ
Which way do I plant a begonia tuber in the ground?
You should plant begonia tubers with the indented or "hollowed-out" side facing up toward the sky. This cupped area is where the new stems and leaves will sprout, while the rounded side is where the roots will grow downward into the soil.
How deep should I plant begonias when putting them in garden beds?
Begonia tubers should be planted about one inch deep in the soil. If you are transplanting a begonia that has already started growing in a pot, plant it at the same depth it was in the container, ensuring the top of the root ball is level with the garden soil.
Do begonias need full sun or shade when planted in the ground?
Most begonias thrive in partial shade or filtered sunlight, especially in the afternoon when the sun is strongest. While some wax begonias can handle more sun, tuberous begonias prefer a spot that stays cool and protected from direct midday heat.
How far apart should I space begonias in a flower bed?
For the best results and healthy air circulation, space tuberous begonias about 8 to 12 inches apart. Smaller wax begonias used for borders can be spaced slightly closer, typically 6 to 8 inches apart, to create a fuller, more continuous look.
