Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Understanding the Different Types of Begonias
- Finding the Perfect Spot
- The Best Timing for Planting
- How to Plant Begonia Tubers
- Planting Begonias in Containers
- Essential Care After Planting
- Troubleshooting Common Issues
- Overwintering Your Begonias
- Why Quality Matters
- Conclusion
- FAQ
Introduction
Shade gardening often feels like discovering a hidden sanctuary in your own backyard. While many flowers crave the intense midday sun, Hanging Begonias thrive in the cool, quiet corners where other plants might struggle. These versatile beauties offer a stunning range of colors, from soft pastels to vibrant corals and reds. Whether you are looking for upright flowers for a border or trailing varieties for a hanging basket, begonias are a rewarding choice for every gardener.
We love how these plants transform a porch or patio into a lush, colorful retreat with very little effort. At Longfield Gardens, we help home gardeners find the highest quality tubers and plants in our begonia collection to ensure a successful growing season.
Understanding the specific needs of these tropical plants is the first step toward a garden full of nonstop summer color. This guide will show you exactly how to select, plant, and care for your begonias to get the best possible results. You will learn about site selection, soil preparation, and the simple steps for starting your tubers indoors for earlier blooms. The best way to plant begonias is to focus on timing, proper depth, and consistent moisture.
Understanding the Different Types of Begonias
Before you dig your first hole, it is helpful to know which type of begonia you are growing. While there are thousands of varieties, most home gardeners choose from three main groups. Each has a slightly different growth habit and specific use in the landscape.
Tuberous Begonias
These are the showstoppers of the begonia world. They grow from a thickened underground stem called a tuber. Tuberous begonias are famous for their large, rose-like flowers that can reach several inches across. You can find them in two main forms: upright and trailing. Upright varieties are perfect for garden beds and window boxes. Trailing varieties, such as the "Double Delight" series, look spectacular cascading over the edges of hanging baskets. For more help with this group, see our Tips for Growing Tuberous Begonias.
Wax Begonias
Wax begonias are fibrous-rooted plants typically grown as annuals. They have glossy, succulent-like leaves that are either green or bronze. They are compact and bloom continuously from spring until the first frost. These are excellent for mass plantings along a walkway or as "fillers" in mixed containers. They are also slightly more sun-tolerant than other types. For more detail on spacing, see How Far Apart to Plant Wax Begonias for Full Blooms.
Rex and Foliage Begonias
While many people grow begonias for their flowers, Rex begonias are prized for their dramatic leaves. These plants feature swirling patterns, metallic sheens, and colors ranging from silver and burgundy to deep purple. They are often grown as houseplants or in shaded containers where their unique foliage can be the star of the show. For a broader overview, see All About Begonias.
Finding the Perfect Spot
Begonias are semi-tropical plants that appreciate a specific environment to look their best. Getting the location right is one of the most important parts of the planting process.
Light Requirements
Most begonias prefer partial shade or filtered sunlight. In the garden, this usually means a spot that gets morning sun and afternoon shade. The intense heat of the afternoon sun can scorch the delicate leaves and cause the flowers to wilt. If you live in a very hot climate, your plants may need even more shade to stay healthy. Varieties with darker or bronze foliage tend to handle more sun than those with bright green leaves. If you are not sure about your growing region, check the Hardiness Zone Map.
Soil and Drainage
"Drainage" refers to how fast water leaves the soil. Begonias have a sensitive root system that does not like to sit in water. If the soil stays too wet, the tubers or roots can rot. We recommend planting them in light, fertile soil that is rich in organic matter.
If you are planting in the ground, you can improve the soil by mixing in some compost or finely ground bark. For container gardening, always use a high-quality potting mix rather than garden soil. Potting mix is designed to be fluffy and well-draining, which is exactly what these plants need. For more shade-garden inspiration, see Summer Bulbs for Shady Gardens.
Protection from the Elements
Because begonias have succulent stems, they can be somewhat brittle. Strong winds can snap the heavy flower heads or break the stems of taller varieties. Choose a sheltered spot, such as near a fence, under a pergola, or on a covered porch. This protection helps the plants maintain their shape and keeps the blooms looking pristine.
Key Takeaway: For the best results, match your begonia to the right spot. Choose a location with filtered light and soil that drains well to prevent root issues.
The Best Timing for Planting
Timing is often more important than any gardening "trick." Because begonias are native to tropical regions, they have no tolerance for frost.
Watching the Temperature
Wait to move your begonias outdoors until the soil has warmed up and the danger of frost has completely passed. Ideally, nighttime temperatures should be consistently above 60°F. If you plant them too early in cold, damp soil, the tubers may become dormant or rot before they even start to grow.
Starting Indoors for Earlier Blooms
Tuberous begonias can take 8 to 12 weeks to go from planting to full bloom. To enjoy flowers earlier in the summer, many gardeners start their tubers indoors in late winter or early spring. This gives the plants a "head start" so they are already established by the time the weather is warm enough for them to go outside.
How to Plant Begonia Tubers
If you are starting with tubers, the way you place them in the soil makes a big difference. At Longfield Gardens, we ensure our tubers are large and healthy, giving you the best foundation for a beautiful display. To shop more upright forms, browse our Upright Double Begonias.
Identifying the Top and Bottom
When you look at a begonia tuber, you will notice that one side is slightly indented or "hollow." This concave side is the top. This is where the new sprouts will emerge. The rounded, smoother side is the bottom, where the roots will grow.
Planting Depth and Spacing
For the best results, do not bury the tubers too deep. Follow these simple steps:
- In Containers: Fill a pot with moist potting mix. Place the tuber on the surface with the hollow side facing up. Press it gently into the soil so it is just barely covered or the top is still slightly visible.
- In the Garden: Space the tubers about 8 to 12 inches apart. This allows for plenty of air circulation, which helps prevent fungal diseases. Dig a shallow hole and place the tuber hollow-side up, covering it with no more than half an inch of soil.
Initial Watering
After planting, water the soil lightly to help settle it around the tuber. Be careful not to overwater at this stage. Since the tuber doesn't have leaves yet, it doesn't need much moisture. Keep the soil slightly damp but never soggy.
What to do next:
- Check your local frost dates to plan your planting window.
- Purchase a high-quality potting mix and clean containers.
- Identify the hollow side of your tubers before placing them in the soil.
- Start tubers indoors 8 weeks before the last frost for a longer bloom season.
Planting Begonias in Containers
Begonias are perhaps the most popular container plants for shade. Their vibrant colors pop against the green foliage of other shade lovers like ferns or hostas. For a cascading choice, Begonia Hanging Golden Balcony is a standout for baskets and planters.
Choosing the Right Pot
Always select a container with drainage holes in the bottom. If you have a decorative pot without holes, use it as a "cachepot." This means you plant the begonia in a slightly smaller plastic nursery pot with holes and then set that pot inside the decorative one. This allows you to remove the inner pot to pour out any excess water. For a more detailed walkthrough, see How to Plant Tuberous Begonias in Containers.
Pot Size
Begonias do not mind being a little bit crowded. A 6-inch pot is usually sufficient for one tuber. Begonia Upright Double Superba Pink is a good fit for containers and borders. If you are using a large 12-inch hanging basket, you can plant three tubers for a full, lush look. Using a pot that is too large can hold too much moisture, which may lead to problems.
Arranging Your Display
When planting mixed containers, use the "thriller, filler, spiller" method.
- Thriller: Use an upright tuberous begonia like Begonia Upright Double Bertini as the focal point in the center.
- Filler: Surround the center plant with wax begonias or Rex begonias for color and texture.
- Spiller: Use trailing begonias or other trailing plants like ivy to drape over the edges.
Essential Care After Planting
Once your begonias are established and growing, they are relatively low-maintenance. A few consistent habits will keep them blooming until autumn.
Watering Correctly
The goal is to keep the soil evenly moist. Check the soil by sticking your finger an inch deep; if it feels dry, it is time to water.
- Water the soil, not the leaves: Getting the foliage wet can encourage powdery mildew, a white fungal growth. Always aim your watering can at the base of the plant.
- Morning is best: Watering in the morning allows any moisture on the leaves to dry in the sun.
- Adjust for weather: Containers dry out much faster than garden beds. During a heatwave, you may need to water your pots every day.
Feeding Your Plants
Begonias are "heavy feeders," meaning they need regular nutrients to produce those big, beautiful flowers. Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season. Follow the instructions on the package for the correct dilution. If you notice the leaves turning very pale, the plant might need a bit more food.
Deadheading and Grooming
"Deadheading" is the process of removing faded or dead flowers. Begonias are often self-cleaning, meaning the old flowers fall off on their own. However, picking off wilted blooms and yellowing leaves keeps the plant looking tidy and encourages it to put more energy into new flowers.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
While begonias are generally easy to grow, you might run into a few common challenges. Most of these are easy to fix with small adjustments.
Leggy Growth
If your begonias are growing very tall and thin with few flowers, they may not be getting enough light. Try moving them to a spot with slightly more filtered sunlight or morning sun. You can also pinch back the tips of the stems to encourage the plant to grow bushier.
Dropping Buds
If the flower buds fall off before they open, the plant is usually stressed. This is often caused by extreme heat, overwatering, or letting the soil get too dry. Check your watering routine and ensure the plant is protected from the hot afternoon sun.
Powdery Mildew
This looks like a dusting of white flour on the leaves. It happens when air circulation is poor or the leaves stay wet for too long. Space your plants further apart and ensure you are only watering the soil. If the problem persists, your local extension service can recommend a safe fungicide for your area.
Overwintering Your Begonias
In most parts of the United States, begonias will not survive the winter outdoors. However, you can save your tuberous begonias to plant again next year.
Preparing for Dormancy
In the fall, as temperatures begin to drop and the leaves start to yellow, stop fertilizing and reduce your watering. This signals to the plant that it is time to go dormant. After the first light frost kills the top growth, carefully dig up the tubers.
Storage Steps
- Cut off the stems about an inch above the tuber.
- Shake off the excess soil and let the tubers dry in a cool, shaded area for a few days.
- Place the dry tubers in a cardboard box or paper bag filled with peat moss or sawdust.
- Store them in a cool, dark, and dry place (about 40°F to 50°F) like a basement or crawlspace.
- Check them once a month to make sure they aren't shriveling or rotting.
In the spring, you can bring them back out and start the cycle all over again!
Why Quality Matters
When you choose the best way to plant begonias, starting with high-quality stock is half the battle. Healthy tubers have more stored energy, which leads to stronger stems and more prolific blooming. Our team at Longfield Gardens works closely with experienced growers to ensure every tuber we ship is ready to perform in your garden. We maintain a trial garden to test our varieties, so we know they will live up to your expectations. Learn more on our About Us page.
Gardening is about the joy of watching something grow. By following these simple rules—right plant, right place, and right timing—you can enjoy a stunning begonia display all summer long.
"Success with begonias starts with the basics: well-drained soil, the right amount of shade, and a little patience as the tubers wake up in the spring."
Conclusion
The best way to plant begonias is to provide them with a mimic of their natural tropical home. By choosing a shaded spot, using well-draining soil, and waiting for the warm weather, you set the stage for a spectacular season of color. Whether you are planting them in a traditional garden bed or a modern patio container, these flowers offer a unique elegance that is hard to match.
- Select the right variety for your space (Upright, Trailing, or Wax).
- Start tubers indoors 8-12 weeks before the last frost for early color.
- Plant tubers hollow-side up and barely covered with soil.
- Maintain even moisture and feed regularly with a balanced fertilizer.
We are here to support your gardening journey every step of the way. Visit our website for more planning guides and to find the perfect begonias for your home, and check our Shipping Information page before you order. With a little care and the right start from Longfield Gardens, your shade garden will be more beautiful than ever.
FAQ
Which side of a begonia tuber should face up when planting?
The side with the slight indentation or hollow "cup" should face up. This is where the new growth will emerge, while the rounded side is where the roots will develop. If you cannot tell which side is which, you can plant the tuber on its side, and it will naturally find its way toward the light.
How often should I water my begonias in containers?
You should water your begonias whenever the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. In containers, this often means watering every day or every other day during hot weather. Always check the soil first, as overwatering can lead to root rot; the soil should stay moist but never stay soggy.
Can begonias grow in full sun?
Most begonias prefer partial shade, especially during the hottest part of the afternoon. However, wax begonias with bronze or dark foliage are much more tolerant of the sun than tuberous varieties. If you must plant in a sunny spot, ensure the plants get plenty of water and keep a close eye on the leaves for signs of scorching. For more details, see Can I Plant Begonias in Full Sun? Best Tips for Success.
Do I need to remove dead flowers from my begonias?
While many begonias are self-cleaning and will drop their old blooms, removing faded flowers (deadheading) helps the plant look its best. It also prevents the plant from spending energy on seed production, directing that energy back into creating more beautiful blossoms. Simply pinch or snip off the spent flower at the base of its small stem.